October 2021  

Average temperatures High 85 Low 65

Average rainfall 2.73 inches

October plantings:

Vegetables: Beet, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, celery, collards,

kohlrabi, lettuce, mustard, onion, peas, potato, radicchio, radish, rhubarb, roquette, rutabaga, spinach, strawberry, Swiss chard and turnip

Flowers: African daisy, alyssum, angelonia, ageratum, begonia, black-eyed Susan, blue daze, 

calendula, candytuft, celosia, chrysanthemums, cleome, coleus, cornflower, cosmos, dianthus, dusty miller, gaillardia, gazania, geraniums, gerbera, heliotrope, hollyhock, impatiens, larkspur, lobelia, nicotiana, pentas, petunia, salvia, snapdragon, sunflower, sweet pea, verbena and zinnia.

Herbs: Anise, basil, bay laurel, borage, cardamom, chervil, chives, coriander, dill, fennel,

garlic, lavender, lemon balm, lovage, mint, nasturtium, oregano, rosemary, sage, sweet 

marjoram, tarragon, thyme and water cress.

Bulbs: African lily, agapanthus, amaryllis, anemone, bulbine, calla, crinum, day lily, gingers,

gladiolus, pineapple lily, rain lily, society garlic, spider lilies, walking iris, watsonia.

Refrigerate crocus, daffodils, hyacinth, narcissus and tulips for forcing.

Lawn care:

1. Many lawns did not receive a summer feeding; apply a lawn fertilizer to regreen the turf. 

2. Select any quality lawn fertilizer and follow label instructions.

3. October is the last feeding for Bahiagrass, centipede, and zoysia lawns this year. 

4. Weed and feed products labeled for your lawn may be substituted for a fertilizer only product.

5. Regreen lawns that continually have a yellow look with an iron or minor nutrient application.

6. Herbicide only products may be used following label instructions for your lawn type. 

7. Herbicides may not control all weeds; pull, dig or use non-selective spot sprays as labeled.

8. October through spring is generally a good time to install sod.

9. Fill bare spots in lawns left from summer pests with sod or plugs.

10. Seeding time for bahiagrass is over; delay rye seedings until late November.

11. Have the soil acidity tested and adjust the pH if needed. 

12. Chinch bugs and sod webworms can linger into fall; control as needed

13. Water turf when it shows signs of moisture stress.

14. Use soil aeration in compacted and poorly drained soils to encourage better root growth.

15. Continue mowing to maintain proper turf height; keep mowing height the same year-round.

16. Sharpen & balance mower blades to give a smooth cut to leaf blades.

17. Change the oil and air filters of gas-powered equipment for fall.

18. Use mulch or ornamental ground covers in areas where turf won't grow.

Vegetable and fruit tree care:

19. Warm season plantings are well under way and should be completed by early month. 

20. Use large transplants of tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants to get a fall crop. 

21. Stake or trellis tall or vining crops to keep the edible portions off the ground. 

22. Feed gardens every 3 to 4 weeks with a traditional fertilizer or use a slow-release product. 

23. Tomatoes begin setting and holding their fruits early to mid-month. 

24. Add flowers to vegetable gardens to attract pollinators. 

25. Prevent spray damage to pollinators; apply sprays when they are not active. 

26. Caterpillars are feeding on cucumbers, melons and tomatoes; control with a natural spray. 

27. Begin plantings of cool season vegetables around mid-month.

28. Gardeners cramped for space can grow vegetables in containers. 

29. Start seeds for transplants of broccoli, cauliflower, and similar vegetables in containers.

30. Add a mulch to the surface of the soil to conserve moisture and keep vegetables dirt free.

31. Groom summer weary herb plantings and start new ones that prefer the cooler weather.

32. Most vegetables & herbs need a moist soil; water when the surface begins to dry to the touch.

33. Fruit splitting on citrus trees is normal and may continue into the fall. 

34. Help prevent citrus fruit drop and splitting; water once or twice a week during dry weather.

35. Give citrus a final feeding of the year during early October.

36. Till new garden sites and enrich sandy soils with garden soil, organic matter and manure.

37. Remove off shoots from pineapple plants to start new beds.

38. Start papaya seedlings for late winter transplants.

39. Add strawberry plants to a garden or build a pyramid for planting.

40. Delay pruning all fruit plantings until mid to late winter.

41. Speed up the composting process by turning the piles monthly.

42. Harvest maturing chayote, cocoyam, dasheen, and gourds.

43. Dig in the soil to check sweet potato plantings; most have roots ready to harvest. 

Landscape chores:

44. Many plants produced late summer growth; prune to remove out of bounds shoots. 

45. Major pruning time is over for azaleas, bougainvillea, camellias, gardenias, and poinsettias.

46. Shield poinsettias and holiday cactuses from nighttime light starting mid-month. 

47. Shrubs, ground covers and perennials are ready for a final fall feeding. 

48. Use a slow-release fertilizer that can feed in ground and container planting for months.

49. Most ornamental and shade trees do not need a special feeding

50. Give palms a final feeding of the year with an 8-0-12-4mg fertilizer or similar product.

51. Palm diseases are prevalent; clean and sterilize pruners between palms.

52. Be kind and only remove the brown fronds and flower stems from palms.

53. Give hedges a final trimming.

54. Remove suckers and low limbs from trees.

55. Weeds are plentiful in ornamental plantings; hand pull or spot kill to prevent seeding.

56. Whiteflies and mealy bugs are major pest; systemic insecticides offer good control. 

57. Drier weather lies ahead; water when the surface soil begins to dry.

58. Most established trees and shrubs can go a week or more between waterings. 

59. Trim away limbs and weeds affecting the operation of sprinkler systems.

60. Check container plantings for plugged drainage holes; repotting may be needed.

61. Maintain a mulch under trees and shrubs; start the mulch several inches from trunks.

62. Determine tree needs and plant smaller growing wind resistant species.

63. Check tree and palm supports to make sure they are secure but not damaging the plants.

64. Add fall plants to hanging baskets and container gardens.

65. Edge sidewalks and plant beds. 

66. Replace soil in problem flower beds and planters.

67. Replant flower beds with cool season annuals and perennials; delay pansies until November.

68. Divide perennial and bulb plantings.

69. Give water lilies and bog plants a monthly feeding.

House & foliage plant care:

70. Plants reduce pollutants and create a pleasing atmosphere when added to homes and offices.

71. Foliage plants are often a good buy at garden centers during fall; replace the declining plants. 

72. Many foliage plants have grown too large for their containers; repot as needed.

73. Groom outdoor foliage plants and begin moving them to a warm location.

74. Most foliage plants need a bright light location but out of the direct sun. 

75. Feed plants in bright light monthly; less often in low light.

76. Control insects on plants before moving them indoors.

77. Begin forcing amaryllis and paper white narcissus for indoor displays.

78. Reduce watering of holiday cactuses to when the surface soil dries and discontinue feedings.

79. Make sure indoor poinsettias, holiday cactuses and kalanchoes receive no nighttime light.